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Lower GI

Colon Polyps

Colon polyps are common growths in the lining of the colon. Most are harmless, but some can progress to cancer over years — which is why detection and removal during colonoscopy is so effective.

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Symptoms

  • Usually asymptomatic
  • Occasionally: rectal bleeding, mucus, or change in bowel habits

Possible causes

  • Age (risk increases after 45)
  • Family history and genetic syndromes (Lynch, FAP)
  • Lifestyle contributors: obesity, tobacco, high red-meat intake

How we diagnose

  • Colonoscopy — detection AND removal in the same procedure
  • Histologic classification (tubular, tubulovillous, villous, sessile serrated)
  • Genetic evaluation when multiple polyps or strong family history

Treatment options

  • Polypectomy at colonoscopy for most polyps
  • Advanced endoscopic techniques (EMR/ESD) for larger lesions
  • Personalized surveillance intervals based on polyp features

Lifestyle & prevention

  • Screening on schedule
  • Fiber-rich, whole-food dietary pattern
  • Physical activity and weight management